Ziziphi iikhowudi zokwakha kunye nemigangatho yobunjineli yeefestile ze-aluminium kunye neengcango e-US?

EUnited States, iikhowudi zokwakha kunye nemigangatho yobunjineli zineemfuno ezingqongqo zokusetyenziswa kwamandla ombane kunye nemozulu yezakhiwo, kubandakanywa nezalathisi eziphambili zokusebenza ezifana ne-U-value, uxinzelelo lomoya kunye nokuqina kwamanzi. Le migangatho ibekwe yiziphembeleli ezahlukeneyo ezifana ne-American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) kunye ne-International Building Code (IBC), kunye ne-American Construction Code (ACC).
 
I-U-value, okanye i-coefficient yokudlulisa ukushisa, iyiparameter ebalulekileyo yokulinganisa ukusebenza kwe-thermal imvulophu yesakhiwo.Ixabiso eliphantsi le-U, ngcono ukusebenza kwe-thermal yesakhiwo. NgokoMgangatho we-ASHRAE 90.1, iimfuno zexabiso le-U kwizakhiwo zorhwebo ziyahluka ngokwezowuni yemozulu; umzekelo, uphahla kwimozulu ebandayo lunokuba nexabiso lika-U elisezantsi njenge-0.019 W/m²-K. Izakhiwo zokuhlala zineemfuno zexabiso le-U ezisekelwe kwi-IECC (IKhowudi yaMazwe ngaMazwe yoLondolozo lwaMandla), ekholisa ukuhluka ukusuka ku-0.24 ukuya ku-0.35 W/m²-K.
 
Imigangatho yokhuseleko kuxinzelelo lomoya isekelwe ikakhulu kumgangatho we-ASCE 7, ochaza isantya somoya esisisiseko kunye noxinzelelo lomoya oluhambelanayo ekufuneka sixhathise isakhiwo. La maxabiso oxinzelelo lomoya amiselwa ngokusekelwe kwindawo, umphakamo kunye nokusingqongileyo kwesakhiwo ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwesakhiwo sesakhiwo kwizantya zomoya ezigqithisileyo.
 
Umgangatho wokuxinana kwamanzi ugxile ekuxineni kwamanzi kwizakhiwo, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezithanda imvula enkulu kunye nezikhukhula. I-IBC ibonelela ngeendlela kunye neemfuno zovavanyo lokuxinana kwamanzi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba iindawo ezinje ngokuhlangana, iifestile, iingcango kunye nophahla ziyilwe kwaye zakhiwe ukuhlangabezana nomlinganiselo ochaziweyo wokuxinana kwamanzi.
 
Ngokuthe ngqo kwisakhiwo ngasinye, iimfuno zokusebenza ezifana ne-U-value, uxinzelelo lomoya kunye nokuqina kwamanzi ziqhele ukuhambelana neemeko zemozulu yendawo yaso, ukusetyenziswa kwesakhiwo kunye neempawu zaso zesakhiwo. Abayili bezakhiwo kunye neenjineli kufuneka bahambelane neekhowudi zokwakha zendawo, basebenzise izibalo ezikhethekileyo kunye neendlela zokuvavanya ukuqinisekisa ukuba izakhiwo ziyahlangabezana nale migangatho yokusebenza engqongqo. Ngokuphunyezwa kwezi khowudi, izakhiwo zaseUnited States azikwazi nje ukumelana neentlekele zendalo, kodwa zinciphisa ngokufanelekileyo ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye nokufezekisa uphuhliso oluzinzileyo.